Nationalism

Nationalism refers to an ideology , a sentiment, a form of culture, or a social movement that focuses on the nation . While there is significant debate over the historical origins of nations, nearly all specialists accept that nationalism, at least as an ideology and social movement, is a modern phenomenon originating in Europe. Precisely where and when it emerged is difficult to determine, but its development is closely related to that of the modern state and the push for popular sovereignty that came to a head with the french revolution in the late 18th century.In many cases nationalist pursuit of self-determination has caused conflict between people and states including war

Types of nationalism

Nationalism may manifest itself as part of official state ideology or as a popular (non-state) movement and may be expressed along civic , ethnic, irredentism, expansionist, etc....

Civic nationalism

Civic or cultural nationalism is focused on cultural rather than hereditary connections between people. Civic nationalism promotes common cultural values and allows people different origins to assimilate into the nation.

Ethnic nationalism

Ethnic nationalism is based on the hereditary connections of people. Ethnic nationalism specifically seeks to unite all people of a certain ethnicity heritage together. Ethnic nationalism does not seek to include people of other ethnicities.

Irredentism

Irredentism is a form of nationalism promotes the the annexation of territories, which have or previously had members of the nation residing within them, to a state which composes most or all of the nation's members.

Expansionist nationalism

Expansionist nationalism promoted spreading the nation's members to new territories, usually on the claimed basis that existing territory which the nation has resided in is too small or is not able to physically or economically sustain the nation's population.

Sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalism
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